Time to move beyond the present. Past and future tense let you tell stories and make plans; adverbs, gendered adjectives, and noun case forms let you describe the world with real precision.
🎧 Full Prerecorded Audio (Polish + English) (12:09 · pause/seek/rewind like a podcast)
Polish past tense agrees with the speaker's gender — "byłem" (I was, said by a man) vs "byłam" (I was, said by a woman).
Pronoun
Być — Past Tense (Was/Were)
Ja (yah)II
byłem/byłam(BI-wem/BI-wam)I was (m/f)
Ty (ti)you (singular)
byłeś/byłaś(BI-wesh/BI-wash)you were (m/f)
On (ohn)he
był(biw)he was
Ona (OH-nah)she
była(BI-wah)she was
My (mi)we
byliśmy/byłyśmy(bi-LEESH-mi/bi-WISH-mi)we were (m/f)
Wy (vi)you (plural)
byliście/byłyście(bi-LEESH-cheh/bi-WISH-cheh)you all were (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
byli(BI-lee)They were
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
były(BI-wi)they were (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
byćbich · to bebyłem/byłamBI-wem/BI-wam · I was (m/f)byłeś/byłaśBI-wesh/BI-wash · you were (m/f)byłbiw · he wasbyłaBI-wah · she wasbyliśmy/byłyśmybi-LEESH-mi/bi-WISH-mi · we were (m/f)byliście/byłyściebi-LEESH-cheh/bi-WISH-cheh · you all were (m/f)byliBI-leebyłyBI-wi · they were (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 2.0 — Packed Layout
Pronoun
Mieć — Past Tense (Had)
Ja (yah)II
miałem/miałam(MYAH-wem/MYAH-wam)I had (m/f)
Ty (ti)you (singular)
miałeś/miałaś(MYAH-wesh/MYAH-wash)you had (m/f)
On (ohn)he
miał(myahw)he had
Ona (OH-nah)she
miała(MYAH-wah)she had
My (mi)we
mieliśmy/miałyśmy(myeh-LEESH-mi/myah-WISH-mi)we had (m/f)
Wy (vi)you (plural)
mieliście/miałyście(myeh-LEESH-cheh/myah-WISH-cheh)you all had (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
mieli(MYEH-lee)They had
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
miały(MYAH-wi)they had (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
miećmyech · to havemiałem/miałamMYAH-wem/MYAH-wam · I had (m/f)miałeś/miałaśMYAH-wesh/MYAH-wash · you had (m/f)miałmyahw · he hadmiałaMYAH-wah · she hadmieliśmy/miałyśmymyeh-LEESH-mi/myah-WISH-mi · we had (m/f)mieliście/miałyściemyeh-LEESH-cheh/myah-WISH-cheh · you all had (m/f)mieliMYEH-leemiałyMYAH-wi · they had (non-masculine)
lubiliście/lubiłyście(loo-bee-LEESH-cheh/loo-bee-WISH-cheh)you all liked (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
lubili(loo-BEE-lee)They liked
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
lubiły(loo-BEE-wi)they liked (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
lubićLOO-beech · to likelubiłem/lubiłamloo-BEE-wem/loo-BEE-wam · I liked (m/f)lubiłeś/lubiłaśloo-BEE-wesh/loo-BEE-wash · you liked (m/f)lubiłloo-BEEW · he likedlubiłaloo-BEE-wah · she likedlubiliśmy/lubiłyśmyloo-bee-LEESH-mi/loo-bee-WISH-mi · we liked (m/f)lubiliście/lubiłyścieloo-bee-LEESH-cheh/loo-bee-WISH-cheh · you all liked (m/f)lubililoo-BEE-leelubiłyloo-BEE-wi · they liked (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 2.0 — Packed Layout
Pronoun
Iść — Past Tense (Went/Was Going)
Ja (yah)II
szedłem/szłam(SHED-wem/SHWAHM)I was walking (m/f)
Ty (ti)you (singular)
szedłeś/szłaś(SHED-wesh/SHWASH)you were walking (m/f)
On (ohn)he
szedł(ohn shedw)he was walking
Ona (OH-nah)she
szła(OH-nah SHWAH)she was walking
My (mi)we
szliśmy/szłyśmy(SHLEESH-mi/SHWISH-mi)we were walking (m/f)
Wy (vi)you (plural)
szliście/szłyście(SHLEESH-cheh/SHWISH-cheh)you all were walking (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
szli(shlee)They went
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
szły(shwi)they were walking (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
iśćeeshch · to go (on foot)szedłem/szłamSHED-wem/SHWAHM · I was walking (m/f)szedłeś/szłaśSHED-wesh/SHWASH · you were walking (m/f)szedłohn shedw · he was walkingszłaOH-nah SHWAH · she was walkingszliśmy/szłyśmySHLEESH-mi/SHWISH-mi · we were walking (m/f)szliście/szłyścieSHLEESH-cheh/SHWISH-cheh · you all were walking (m/f)szlishleeszłyshwi · they were walking (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 2.0 — Packed Layout
Pronoun
Zrobić — Past Tense (Did/Made)
Ja (yah)II
zrobiłem/zrobiłam(zroh-BEE-wem/zroh-BEE-wam)I did (m/f)
Ty (ti)you (singular)
zrobiłeś/zrobiłaś(zroh-BEE-wesh/zroh-BEE-wash)you did (m/f)
On (ohn)he
zrobił(ZROH-beew)he did
Ona (OH-nah)she
zrobiła(zroh-BEE-wah)she did
My (mi)we
zrobiliśmy/zrobiłyśmy(zroh-bee-LEESH-mi/zroh-bee-WISH-mi)we did (m/f)
Wy (vi)you (plural)
zrobiliście/zrobiłyście(zroh-bee-LEESH-cheh/zroh-bee-WISH-cheh)you all did (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
zrobili(zroh-BEE-lee)They did/made
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
zrobiły(zroh-BEE-wi)they did (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
zrobićZROH-beech · to do (perfective)zrobiłem/zrobiłamzroh-BEE-wem/zroh-BEE-wam · I did (m/f)zrobiłeś/zrobiłaśzroh-BEE-wesh/zroh-BEE-wash · you did (m/f)zrobiłZROH-beew · he didzrobiłazroh-BEE-wah · she didzrobiliśmy/zrobiłyśmyzroh-bee-LEESH-mi/zroh-bee-WISH-mi · we did (m/f)zrobiliście/zrobiłyściezroh-bee-LEESH-cheh/zroh-bee-WISH-cheh · you all did (m/f)zrobilizroh-BEE-leezrobiłyzroh-BEE-wi · they did (non-masculine)
chcieliście/chciałyście(khcheh-LEESH-cheh/khchah-WISH-cheh)you all wanted (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
chcieli(KHCHEH-lee)They wanted
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
chciały(KHCHAH-wi)they wanted (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
chciećKHCHYECH · to wantchciałem/chciałamKHCHAH-wem/KHCHAH-wam · I wanted (m/f)chciałeś/chciałaśKHCHAH-wesh/KHCHAH-wash · you wanted (m/f)chciałkhchahw · he wantedchciałaKHCHAH-wah · she wantedchcieliśmy/chciałyśmykhcheh-LEESH-mi/khchah-WISH-mi · we wanted (m/f)chcieliście/chciałyściekhcheh-LEESH-cheh/khchah-WISH-cheh · you all wanted (m/f)chcieliKHCHEH-leechciałyKHCHAH-wi · they wanted (non-masculine)
widzieliście/widziałyście(vee-dzeh-LEESH-cheh/vee-dzah-WISH-cheh)you all saw (m/f)
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
widzieli(vee-DZEH-lee)They saw
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
widziały(vee-DZAH-wi)they saw (non-masculine)
Word Cloud 1.0
widziećVEE-dzhech · to seewidziałem/widziałamvee-DZAH-wem/vee-DZAH-wam · I saw (m/f)widziałeś/widziałaśvee-DZAH-wesh/vee-DZAH-wash · you saw (m/f)widziałvee-DZAHW · he sawwidziałavee-DZAH-wah · she sawwidzieliśmy/widziałyśmyvee-dzeh-LEESH-mi/vee-dzah-WISH-mi · we saw (m/f)widzieliście/widziałyścievee-dzeh-LEESH-cheh/vee-dzah-WISH-cheh · you all saw (m/f)widzielivee-DZEH-leewidziałyvee-DZAH-wi · they saw (non-masculine)
"Będę" also combines with other verbs' infinitives for their future: będę + lubić = I will like.
Pronoun
Być — Future Tense (Will Be)
Ja (yah)II
będę(BEN-deh)I will be
Ty (ti)you (singular)
będziesz(BEN-dzhesh)you will be
On (ohn)he
będzie(BEN-dzhe)he/she/it will be
Ona (OH-nah)she
będzie(BEN-dzhe)he/she/it will be
My (mi)we
będziemy(ben-DZHE-mi)we will be
Wy (vi)you (plural)
będziecie(ben-DZHE-cheh)you all will be
Oni (OH-nee)they (masculine personal)
będą(BEN-dohm)they will be
One (OH-neh)they (non-masculine)
będą(BEN-dohm)they will be
Word Cloud 1.0
byćbich · to bebędęBEN-deh · I will bebędzieszBEN-dzhesh · you will bebędzieBEN-dzhe · he/she/it will bebędziemyben-DZHE-mi · we will bebędziecieben-DZHE-cheh · you all will bebędąBEN-dohm · they will be
Fill in the missing verb form, adverb, adjective, or case form, then check yourself.
Ja ___ w domu wczoraj. (was)
On ___ psa. (had)
My zawsze ___ koty. (liked)
Jutro ___ w szkole. (I will be)
To jest ___ dom. (new, masc.)
Ta książka jest ___. (good, fem.)
On idzie ___. (quickly)
___ nie byłem tam. (never)
Nie ma ___ tutaj. (car — genitive after negation)
Codziennie, ___ mam czas. (always)
Learning Strategy
Don't try to memorize every past-tense ending at once — notice the pattern instead. Every past-tense verb ends in -łem/-łam (I), -łeś/-łaś (you), -ł/-ła (he/she), and so on, no matter which verb it is. Learn the pattern with "być," and "miał," "lubił," and every other verb you meet will already feel familiar.